Introduction: When there is no express rule or text on a matter in hand, rational sources come and play their role, in which a person or a group of qualified people try to resolve the issue as per their knowledge of Shari'a. However , it must be kept in mind that all those questions which have been resolved by Ijma are out side the scope of Ijtihad. Here we will try to understand the precise rules and qualification relating to Mujtahids, along with role of Ijtihad in modern era, where all legislative functions have been within state's jurisdiction. Ijtihad Meaning and Concept: Its is derived the word 'Ijtihada' which literally means, "to extract". As term of jurisprudence it is a lawyer's exerting of the faculties of mind for the purpose of formulating an opinion on any point of law. As per Fayzee (Shia Scholar ) "It is exerting one's self to the utmost degree to attain an object" It may be define as, "The total expenditu...